supernova
What is stronger than a Hypernova?
Brighter than an Exploding Star, It’s a Hypernova! Such explosions are more powerful than supernovae, the spectacular death gasps of stars some 5-10 times more massive than our Sun. In fact, hypernovae may produce some 100 times more energy than supernovae.
What’s the most powerful thing in the universe?
Astronomers are learning that even in human timescales, the cosmos is an explosive and ever-changing place. Gamma rays are about as extreme as you can get. “They’re the brightest, most powerful explosions in the Universe,” says Andrew MacFadyen, an astrophysicist at New York University, US.
What is the most violent event in the universe?
Thousands of times more energetic than ordinary exploding stars, their visible light as bright as a million galaxies, gamma-ray bursts are the most violent events in the universe, and radiation from one of these events reaches the vicinity of Earth at a rate of about one a day.
How does a gamma ray burst result from a Hypernova?
A theory that is attracting considerable attention states that gamma-ray bursts occur as the result of material shooting towards Earth at almost the speed of light as the result of a hypernova. Hypernova explosions can be at least 100 times more powerful than supernova explosions.
What is the most powerful supernova?
Found: The Most Powerful Supernova Ever Seen. Astronomers have glimpsed the most powerful supernova ever seen, a star in a galaxy billions of light-years away that exploded with such force it briefly shone nearly 600 billion times brighter than our Sun and 20 times brighter than all the stars in the Milky Way combined.
What is the biggest supernova ever?
First observed in September 2006, the supernova SN 2006gy, which occurred in a galaxy called NGC 1260 (240 million light-years away), is the largest and, until confirmation of luminosity of SN 2005ap in October 2007, the most luminous supernova ever observed.
Is there anything more powerful than gamma rays?
Ultra-high-energy gamma rays are gamma rays with photon energies higher than 100 TeV (0.1 PeV). They have a frequency higher than 2.42 × 1028 Hz and a wavelength shorter than 1.24 × 10−20 m. As of 2014, they are theoretical only and have not been detected.
What would a gamma ray burst do to Earth?
Artist’s impression of a gamma ray burst hitting the Earth. The gamma rays would trigger changes in the Earth’s atmosphere. Despite the obvious doom and gloom associated with mass extinctions, they have a tendency to capture our imagination.
What causes a Hypernova?
A hypernova (alternatively called a collapsar) is a very energetic supernova thought to result from an extreme core-collapse scenario. In this case a massive star (>30 solar masses) collapses to form a rotating black hole emitting twin energetic jets and surrounded by an accretion disk.
What explosion created the universe?
Big Bang
What is an explosion in space called?
Exploding Stars. When a star like the Sun dies, it casts its outer layers into space, leaving its hot, dense core to cool over the eons. But some other types of stars expire with titanic explosions, called supernovae. A supernova can shine as brightly as an entire galaxy of billions of “normal” stars.
What is a cosmic explosion?
The Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope picked up a whole new type of cosmic explosion: a ultra high-intensity explosion coming from the surface of a white dwarf star. The outburst occurs when a white dwarf in a binary system erupts in an enormous thermonuclear explosion.
Do black holes emit gamma rays?
Hawking showed that quantum effects allow black holes to emit exact black-body radiation. As the particle–antiparticle pair was produced by the black hole’s gravitational energy, the escape of one of the particles lowers the mass of the black hole.
What is the mass limit for a neutron star?
The maximum observed mass of neutron stars is about 2.01 M ☉. But in general, compact stars of less than 1.39 M ☉ (the Chandrasekhar limit) are white dwarfs, whereas compact stars with a mass between 1.4 M ☉ and 3 M ☉ (the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit) should be neutron stars (though there is an interval of a few
How many megatons is a supernova?
A type 1a supernova explosion gives off 1–2×1044 joules of energy, which is about 2.4–4.8 hundred billion yottatons (24–48 octillion (2.4–4.8×1028) megatons) of TNT, equivalent to the explosive force of a quantity of TNT over a trillion (1012) times the mass of the planet Earth.
How dangerous is a supernova?
Type Ia supernovae are thought to be potentially the most dangerous if they occur close enough to the Earth. Because Type Ia supernovae arise from dim, common white dwarf stars, it is likely that a supernova that could affect the Earth will occur unpredictably and take place in a star system that is not well studied.
What is the brightest object in the universe?
Although quasars appear faint when viewed from Earth, they are visible from extreme distances, being the most luminous objects in the known universe. The brightest quasar in the sky is 3C 273 in the constellation of Virgo.
Who discovered black holes?
The first modern solution of general relativity that would characterize a black hole was found by Karl Schwarzschild in 1916, although its interpretation as a region of space from which nothing can escape was first published by David Finkelstein in 1958.
What is the brightest supernova ever recorded?
SN 1006 was a supernova that is likely the brightest observed stellar event in recorded history, reaching an estimated −7.5 visual magnitude, and exceeding roughly sixteen times the brightness of Venus.
Is aluminum the most abundant element on earth?
The mass-abundance of the nine most abundant elements in the Earth’s crust is approximately: oxygen 46%, silicon 28%, aluminum 8.2%, iron 5.6%, calcium 4.2%, sodium 2.5%, magnesium 2.4%, potassium 2.0%, and titanium 0.61%. Other elements occur at less than 0.15%.
Are gamma ray bursts dangerous?
Effects on Earth. Earth’s atmosphere is very effective at absorbing high energy electromagnetic radiation such as x-rays and gamma rays, so these types of radiation would not reach any dangerous levels at the surface during the burst event itself.
Are gamma rays deadly?
Health effects. Gamma rays cause damage at a cellular level and are penetrating, causing diffuse damage throughout the body. However, they are less ionising than alpha or beta particles, which are less penetrating.
How were gamma ray bursts first discovered?
Discovery. Gamma-ray bursts were discovered in the late 1960s by the U.S. Vela nuclear test detection satellites. The United States suspected that the USSR might attempt to conduct secret nuclear tests after signing the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963.
What kind of star is Eta Carinae?
Eta Carinae. Eta Carinae (η Carinae, abbreviated to η Car), formerly known as Eta Argus, is a stellar system containing at least two stars with a combined luminosity greater than five million times that of the Sun, located around 7,500 light-years (2,300 parsecs) distant in the constellation Carina.
How much uranium is in a nuclear bomb?
When 1 pound (0.45 kg) of uranium-235 undergoes complete fission, the yield is 8 kilotons. The 16 kiloton yield of the Little Boy bomb was therefore produced by the fission of 2 pounds (0.91 kg) of uranium-235, out of the 141 pounds (64 kg) in the pit.
What’s after a megaton?
Megaton may refer to: A million tons. Megaton TNT equivalent, explosive energy equal to 4.184 petajoules. megatonne, a million tonnes, SI unit of mass.
How many tons of TNT is a nuclear bomb?
USSR, most powerful nuclear weapon ever detonated, yield of 50 megatons, (50 million tons of TNT). In its “final” form (i.e. with a depleted uranium tamper instead of one made of lead) it would have been 100 megatons.
Photo in the article by “NASA” https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/WISE/news/wise20111209.html